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Guides BULGARIA : GEOGRAPHY

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Geographic situation: South-Eastern Europe

East - Black Sea ; South - Turkey ; West - Macedonia and Serbia
North-Romania and Danube River

Surface: 110 994 km2
Capital: Sofia - 1.2 million
Population: 7 385 367 (2006)
Language: Bulgarian - Cyrillic alphabet
Climate: continental-Mediterranean, 4 seasons, average year temperature 10.5 C
Time zone: GMT + 2

For a small country, Bulgaria contains an exceptional variety of wildlife and vegetation (more than 3,000 plant plant and 13,500 animal species) due to its beneficial geographic location, varying climate, the Black Sea with its large beaches, a myriad lf mountains, valleys, and high plateau. Forests occupy 35 % of the country.

Natural caves: Magurata - 2,500 m of underground galleries with archeological findings dating from the Bronze Age, (Snow White) - with 800,000 delicate stalactites and stalagmites, Ledenika - and large halls where concerts take place in a magical surrounding. To see other caves

National Parks
Bulgaria maintains 12 national parks, the majority of which are open to visitors, except for the ones kept as natural reserves. The latter require a previously issued permit.
Sreburna lake spread over 600 ha is a biosphere-reserve with more than 100 migrating bird species, such as Dalmatian-pelican, cormorant, ibis, swan, and others.

Main cities:
Sofia - 1.3 millions
Plovdiv - 350,000
Varna - 299,000
Burgas - 230,000

Mountain chains
Balkan (Stara Planina) Mountains crosses the country from the West border to the golden beaches of the Black Sea - Mt Botev
Rila the highest in Bulgaria as well as in the whole Balkan Peninsula with Mt Moussala (2 925 m)
Pirin Mountains with Mt Vihren (2 915 m)
Rhodopes the largest mountain massif on the peninsula with Mt Perelik (2,192 m)

Rivers
Danube - navigable
Iskur (368 km)
Maritsa (321 km)
Strouma (290 km)

Black Sea and its golden beaches - 378 km coast

Lakes
336 lakes (250 are to be found in the mountains Rila and Pirin, and along the Black Sea)
Lake Ledenika - highest altitude 2,715 m (Rila)
Lake Okoto (The Eye) the deepest one - 39 m (Rila)
Lake Popovo, 480 m long, 336 m large (Pirin)

Mineral Sources
Bulgaria is famous for its 1,600 sources of mineral water with a temperature varying between 37 and 101 C, not including 2,000 artificial water reservoirs

More information
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